过渡金属磷化物的制备、表征及其在电解水中的应用研究进展

Research Progress for Preparation,Characterization and Application of Transition Metal Phosphides in Water Splitting

近年来,随着社会经济的发展,传统化石能源(如石油、煤炭等)快速消耗,环境问题日益加剧,可再生清洁能源的开发引起了科研工作者的广泛关注。在这之中,通过电解水制备氢气成为了研究热点,但其中涉及到的氢气析出反应和氧气析出反应均为缓慢的动力学过程,严重阻碍了电解水制氢的大规模应用和商业化进程,因此需要开发高效的催化剂来提升电解水过程的效率。过渡金属磷化物作为一种非贵金属催化剂,在电化学析氢和析氧反应中均展现出了优异的催化活性,再加上其低廉的成本和简易的制备方法,使得它在电解水领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了过渡金属磷化物在电解水方面的研究进展,主要包括磷化钴、磷化镍、磷化钼以及多金属磷化物等。最后,对过渡金属磷化物在电解水以及电催化领域的前景进行了展望。

In recent years,with the development of society and economy,traditional fossil energy(such as oil,coal,etc.)is rapidly consumed,with environmental problems increasingly aggravated.The development of renewable clean energy has attracted extensive attention of researchers.Among them,the preparation of hydrogen by electrolysis of water has become a research hotspot.However,the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction involved in this process are both slow kinetic reactions,which seriously hinder the large-scale application and commercialization of hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.Therefore,it is necessary to develop efficient catalysts to improve the efficiency of the water electrolysis process.As a kind of non-noble metal catalyst,transition metal phosphides has shown excellent catalytic activity in the electrochemical hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions,considering its low cost and simple preparation method,transition metal phosphides shows a broad application prospect in the field of water splitting.This paper reviews the research progress of transition metal phosphides in water electrolysis,including cobalt phosphides,nickel phosphides,molybdenum phosphides and polymetallic phosphides.Finally,the outlook of transition metal phosphides in the fields of water splitting and electrocatalysis is discussed.