调查研究与因果解释:区域国别学研究方法刍议

Survey Research and Causal Explanation:A Discussion of Methodology of Regional Country Studies

区域国别学是一门交叉学科,其研究对象以民族国家为主,并带有地域属性和政策研究色彩。区域国别学自2022年被纳入一级交叉学科以来,国内学界日益重视其学科建设与方法研究。区域国别研究方法旨在综合运用人文与社科方法,一方面,它强调人文学科中的调查研究,重视用田野调查、历史考证等方式来收集证据;另一方面,它也重视社会科学中的因果解释,运用过程追踪、案例比较、定性比较分析以及定量分析等方式来尝试解释社会现象之间的因果关系。随着数据丰富和计算机技术的进步,大数据分析、机器学习、地理信息系统和计算机模拟等前沿方法也逐渐应用于区域国别研究。

Regional Country Studies is an interdisciplinary field that primarily focuses on nation-states with regional attributes and policy research elements.Since its inclusion as a first-class discipline in 2022,its disciplinary construction and methodological research have been increasingly emphasized.The approach of regional country studies aims to integrate humanities and social science methods.On one hand,it emphasizes survey research within the humanities,placing importance on evidence collection through fieldwork and historical verification.On the other hand,it also values causal explanation within the social sciences,employing methods such as process tracing,comparative case studies,qualitative and quantitative analysis to explain the causal relationship between social phenomena.With the abundance of data and advancements in computer technology,cutting-edge methods such as big data analysis,machine learning,geographic information systems,and computer simulations are gradually being applied in Regional Country Studies.