中国特色社会主义理论体系视角下的“一带一路”倡议

How Can Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Explain the Belt and Road Initiative?

中国的"一带一路"倡议(BRI)注定会给二战后美国主导的经济体系带来深刻的影响。人们曾就"一带一路"倡议对全球经济秩序的影响展开讨论:它究竟是试图"颠覆"全球经济体系的战略部署,还是支撑该体系的经济计划。而本文认为双方的观点都无法提供令人满意的答案,因为"一带一路"倡议既是一项战略部署也是经济计划。并且,学者们迄今为止都是从外在表现而不是从中国的角度来分析"一带一路"倡议。为了从中国的角度理解"一带一路"倡议,本文将借助中国共产党的指导理论——中国特色社会主义理论体系(SCC)展开研究。通过研究中国特色社会主义的基础理论,本文发现中国特色社会主义存在需要解决的四大历史任务,这四大历史任务可以作为分析"一带一路"理论创新和战略创新意图的框架。在理解"一带一路"倡议的定义后,本文回答了"一带一路"倡议究竟会"威胁"还是支撑全球经济体系这一问题,结果表明,"一带一路"倡议的前提是解决市场导向型发展战略带来的难题,"一带一路"倡议期望中国进一步融入全球市场后,可以解决这些问题,因此,"一带一路"倡议并不会对全球经济体系构成系统性"威胁"。相反,"一带一路"倡议旨在提升中国在全球经济体系中的地位,从而促生有机性变革以满足中国自身发展的需求。同时,对外开放是中国共产党的一项基本国策,"一带一路"倡议拓展了中国改革开放的新空间,推动建设开放、合作、创新、共享的世界经济,为世界各国提供了一项充满中国智慧的共同发展的新方案。

China’s Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)is set to have profound impacts on the post-WW2,US-led,economic system.One debate concerning BRI is about its impact on the global economic order.Either BRI is envisaged as a strategy that seeks to overthrow the global economic system or an economic plan that supports it.However,this paper finds that neither side of the debate provides a satisfactory answer,as BRI is both a strategy and an economic plan.Moreover,scholars thus far have analyzed BRI from its outward manifestations rather than from Chinese perspectives.In order to understand BRI from the inside,this paper uses Socialism with Chinese Characteristics(SCC)which is the guiding theory of the Chinese Communist Party.Through looking at SCC’s metatheory,this study finds that there are four historical tasks to be solved.These four historical tasks can be used as a framework for analyzing the intent and purpose of SCC’s theoretical and strategic innovations,which BRI is part of.By comprehending the meaning of BRI,this study offers an answer as to whether BRI is a threat to the global economic system,or a support of it.Results show that BRI is premised on solving dilemmas that have arisen due to following a market-led development strategy.BRI’s intends to overcome these problems through further integrating China into global markets.As such,BRI does not represent a systemic threat to the global economic system.Instead,BRI aims to raise China up within the hierarchical order of this system which will lead to changes to suit China’s own needs.At the same time,opening to the outside world is a basic state policy of the Chinese Communist Party.BRI has opened up new space for China’s reform and opening up,promoted the building of an open,cooperative,innovative and Shared world economy,and provided the world with a new plan for common development,full of Oriental wisdom.