略论先秦寓言中对齐鲁宋三国的刻板印象

On the Stereotypical Impression of Qi,Lu and Song in Fables of Pre-Qin Period

先秦时期寓言作为一种独特的论证方式散见于各种典籍之中,见于诸子及历史散文之中的寓言故事,为作者论证说理提供了有利的依据。傅斯年先生论述战国诸子之地方性时,谈及齐人之夸、鲁人之拘、宋人之愚,作为这三国各自的特点为人所公认。本文即以先秦寓言故事为依托,浅谈夸、拘、愚作为齐国、鲁国、宋国典型性格为时人所认同的合理性及其原因。

As a unique way of argumentation in pre-Qin period,fables that are found in all kinds of ancient books provide a favorable basis for the author’s analysis.When Mr.Fu Sinian discussed the local characteristics of the Warring States,he mentioned the extravagance of the Qi people,the restraint of the Lu people and the stupidity of the Song people,which became our common understandings about the people in the three states.Based on the fables,this paper discusses the reasons behind their typical characteristics.