《山楂树之恋》静秋文学地理研究

Study on Literary Geography Influencing Jing Qiu in the Novel of The Love of Hawthorn Tree

《山楂树之恋》小说静秋原型出生地和初恋地在西坝岛上,该小说深深地打上了"文化大革命"时期和地理环境烙印,而"文化大革命"时期的江心岛的"文化大革命"活动对静秋的影响最大:其一、西坝岛的"文化大革命"的三线建设尤其葛洲坝工程建设对二人恋爱产生了重大的影响,是二人能相遇的社会前提条件;其二,当时物资匮乏,物资实行票证购买,这是江心岛的生活时代特征;其三,静秋母亲相对固定的工资,让家庭生活窘迫,这是静秋打工和老三资助静秋的客观条件;其四,西坝缺乏师资力量,于是有子女顶职的特殊政策,这是静秋改变家庭和个人身份的时代机遇,同时也因此限制了静秋和老三的恋爱自由;其五,当时流行"三转一响""体育运动"也影响着静秋和老三恋爱的发展。但江心岛西坝特殊的地理环境对静秋的影响和塑造也是极其明显的,因为从文学地理而言,"万里长江第一坝"江心岛西坝是《山楂树之恋》文学地理"水土"空间。首先,江心岛、三江、渡船、九中、工厂、西坝菜田、豆芽社等地理空间影响并塑造着二人的爱情活动;其次,静秋的家庭成员和良师益友们也影响并塑造着静秋。

Xiba Island is the birth place where Jingqiu,the prototype in the novel The Love of Hawthorn Tree,as well as the place where she had her first love.The novel is characterized by Cultural Revolution and geographical environment,and the campaigns on Jiangxin Island had the greatest impact on Jingqiu.Firstly,the third-line construction of the Cultural Revolution on Xiba Island,especially the Gezhouba Project,had a significant impact on their loving relationship,which was the situational premise of their meeting each other;secondly,commodities were fairly scarce,and ticket-based purchase was the characteristic of the Jiangxin Island at the time;Thirdly,the relatively fixed low salary of Jingqiu’s mother made her family life embarrassing,which is the objective condition for Jingqiu to work for a living and Lao San to fiancially support her.Fourthly,due to the lack of teachers on Xiba Island,there was a a special policy of having children to take over parents’posts,which was an opportunity of the era for Jingqiu to change her family conditions and personal status,and at the same time,this also restricted the freedom of love between Jingqiu and Lao San.Fifthly,the popularity of"three turns and one ring"(three turns and one ring:A term,used by Chinese in the late 1950s to refer to the four household goods that the country was able to produce at the time,and that each family wanted to own.)and"sports"campaign at that time also affected the development of the love between Jingqiu and Lao San.Furthermore,the special geographical environment of the West Dam of Jiangxin Island also had an extremely obvious influencing and shaping power on Jingqiu,because in terms of literary geography,the West Dam of Jiangxin Island,the first dam of the thousands-mile Yangtze River,is the water and soil space of The Love of Hawthorn Tree.The geographic spaces,including Jiangxin Island,Sanjiang,Ferry,Jiuzhong,factories,Xiba vegetable fields,bean sprouts,influenced and cultivated the love between these two.Besides,the family members and mentors of Jing Qiu also influenced Jingqiu.