党内法规:一种独特的中国法

On Intraparty Rules and Regulations as a Unique Chinese Law

法的认识论主要来自法律实证主义、非法律实证主义和法律多元主义。这些论述各有其合理性和局限性。法是社会实践的产物,没有先天的、一成不变的本质和功能。如果某一群体把某类制度性事实命名为“法”,那么这类社会事实将作为法而存在,其地位和功能都来自该群体的集体意向性赋予。当代中国的“法”,应根据中国共产党的法认识论加以判断。这一认识论以马列主义法学思想为指导,结合中国国情而形成,在法的本质、渊源、存在形态、地位、功能、名称和表达上都有其特定性。如今,在中国共产党塑造的治理体系当中,每一种法的调整事项和范围都是有限的;法在其调整领域内具有权威地位,发挥规范、引导和保障功能,具有特定的名称形式;法源于实践,其权威地位来自党和人民的认可与遵从。中国共产党的事务需要规范性调整,党内法规是党务领域最权威的规范形式,其作为法的地位得到了中国共产党的明确肯定,因而是一种独特的中国法。

The epistemology of law mainly comes from legal positivism,legal non-positivism and legal pluralism,each of which has its rationality and limitations.Law is the product of social practice,which has no innate,immutable essence and function.If a certain social group names a certain kind of institutional fact as“law”,then this kind of social fact will exist as law,and its status and function come from the collective intentional endowment of the group.Chinese law should be judged according to the legal epistemology of the Communist Party of China.This epistemology is guided by Marxist-Leninist legal thought and formed in combination with national conditions.There is a special understanding of the nature,origin,existence,status,function,name and expression of law.Today,within the governance system shaped by the CPC,each law has a limited matter and scope of adjustment;law has an authoritative position in its adjustment field,exerts the functions of regulation,guidance and protection,and has a specific name form;law originates from practice,and its authoritative status comes from the recognition and compliance of the Party and the people.Party affairs need normative adjustment.Intraparty rules and regulations are the most authoritative norms in the field of party affairs,and their status as laws has been clearly affirmed by the CPC.It is a unique Chinese law.