算法共谋的竞争效应及其违法性认定研究

Research on Competitive Effect and Identification of Illegality of Algorithmic Collusion

基于算法技术的广泛应用,经营者之间更易达成共谋,且所达成的共谋能长期维持。算法共谋可能提高市场效率并促进创新,但也可能带来潜在的垄断风险。《反垄断法》在规制算法共谋时,首先须解决违法性认定问题。但是,目前算法共谋行为的事实认定与性质认定均存在困境。规制算法共谋应坚持谦抑的理念,通过改善垄断协议的二分法则来解决轴辐类算法共谋问题,通过规制信息交流、利用间接证据来推定共谋合意,依靠对电子证据的利用、明确相同行为的认定标准来认定共谋行为。在判定行为性质时,应以合理原则为主、本身违法原则为辅。

Based on the wide application of algorithm,it is easier for operators to reach and maintain collusion.While algorithmic collusion may improve market efficiency and promote innovation,it may also bring potential risk of monopoly.When using the anti-monopoly law to regulate algorithmic collusion,the identification of its illegality must first be solved.However,it’s both faced with the dilemma of identifying the behavioral fact and behavioral nature.In order to solve these problems,we should adhere to the idea of modesty and restraint,and improve the rule of monopoly and protocal dichotomy to solve hub-and-spoke collusion reached by parallel algorithms.What’s more,we need to presume consensus by regulating the exchange of information and using the indirect evidence,and determine collusion behavior by making use of the electronic evidence and refining the standard of similar behavior.Finally,in order to identity behavioral nature,we need to give priority to the rule of reason,while the perse rule is a secondary choose.