从明清时期外销瓷上的图像看中国对外传播的文化动因

The Cultural Motivation for China’s Foreign Communication from the Patterns on Export Porcelain in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期是中国与欧洲跨文化交流的高峰期,在此期间,中西文化相互了解、彼此影响。明清时期外销瓷上的图像大致可分为兴旺的人口、平等的男女、和谐的家庭、自由的婚姻四个主题,这些主题构成了欧洲人对“乌托邦”式中国形象的认知,同时也折射出欧洲人的自身需求与欲望。以明清时期外销瓷上的图像为载体,讨论中国瓷器在欧洲流行的文化动因,以期能够发掘这一时期欧洲人眼中的中国社会情态。

Ming and Qing Dynasties represent a fastigium of cross-cultural communication between China and Europe.During this period,Chinese and Western cultures communicated and influenced each other.The patterns on export porcelain in the Ming and Qing Dynasties can be divided into four types according to their themes:prosperity of population,equality between men and women,familial harmony and free marriage.These themes constitute the Europeans’"utopian"perception of China,and at the same time reflect their own needs and desires.Based on these patterns,this paper discusses the cultural reason behind the popularity of Chinese porcelain in Europe,and explores the Chinese society in the eyes of Europeans in this period.