制度创新、空间溢出与经济增长——对中国自由贸易试验区的实证检验

Institutional Innovation,Spatial Spillover and Economic Growth——An Empirical Test of China’s Pilot Free Trade Zone

自由贸易试验区是打造中国经济升级版的重要载体,其核心是制度创新。基于2005~2018年53个城市的面板数据,采用空间双重差分模型实证分析自由贸易试验区制度创新对经济增长的空间溢出效应。结果表明,自由贸易试验区能够显著促进区内经济增长,且对周边地区经济增长存在正向溢出效应;沿海型自由贸易试验区在促进区内经济增长的同时还会促进周边地区经济增长,内陆型自由贸易试验区的经济增长效应主要体现在促进区内经济增长,并未对周边地区经济增长产生显著影响。另外,机制检验结果表明,政府规模的扩大会削弱自由贸易试验区设立对区内以及周边地区经济增长的促进作用。据此,提出应大力发展自由贸易试验区战略,促进不同类型自由贸易试验区差异化发展,合理控制政府规模等政策建议。

The pilot free trade zone is an important carrier to build an upgraded version of China’s economy,and its core is institutional innovation.Based on the panel data of 53 cities from 2005 to 2018,this paper uses the spatial double difference model to analyze the spatial spillover effect of institutional innovation on economic growth in the pilot free trade zone.The results show that the pilot free trade zone can significantly promote the regional economic growth,and has a positive spillover effect on the economic growth of the surrounding areas.The economic growth effect of the inland pilot free trade zone is mainly reflected in promoting the economic growth in the region,and has no significant impact on the economic growth of the surrounding areas.In addition,the mechanism test results show that the expansion of government size will inhibit the promotion effect of the establishment of pilot Free Trade Zone on economic growth.Therefore,the paper puts forward some policy suggestions,such as developing the strategy of pilot free trade zones,promoting the differentiated development of different types of pilot free trade zones,and reasonably controlling the size of the government.