外商直接投资对京津冀城市职能专业化的影响——基于价值链分工的视角

Influence of Foreign Direct Investment on the Functional Specialization of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration——From the Perspective of Value Chain Division

以价值链分工为基础的城市职能分工是城市群形成与发展的重要特征,外商直接投资对城市职能分工具有显著影响。本文以价值链分工理论为基础构建了外商直接投资影响城市职能专业化的直接效应模型和间接效应模型。基于2003-2017年京津冀城市群数据实证发现,在直接效应方面,外商直接投资对城市的生产、研发、营销、管理四类职能专业化均具有非线性影响,具体而言,对生产职能专业化的影响呈现先增强后弱化的倒U型特征,而对研发、营销、管理等高端职能专业化的影响则呈现先弱化后增强的U型特征;在间接效应方面,外商直接投资通过促进产业结构高级化和人力资本水平提升,一方面,会弱化城市生产职能的专业化;另一方面,会增强研发、营销和管理等高端职能的专业化。

Urban functional division is a new regional division of labor characterized by value chain division,which is closely related to foreign direct investment(FDI).Based on the theory of value chain division,this paper constructs direct effect model and indirect effect model to investigate the impact of FDI on urban functional specialization.By using the data of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)urban agglomeration from 2003 to 2017 for empirical analysis,we found that in terms of direct effect,FDI on four types of urban functional specialization level has nonlinear effect,to be specific,for specialization levels of production functions appear to weakened after increasing in the influence of theinverted"U"characteristics,and for the specialization level of high-end functions like R&D,marketing,management is enhanced after being weaken in the influence of the"U"type characteristics.In terms of indirect effects,with the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the improvement of human capital level,FDI will weaken the specialization level of urban production functions,and enhance the specialization level of high-end functions such as R&D,marketing and management.