城市知识产权战略与企业创新——来自国家知识产权示范城市的准自然实验

Urban intellectual property strategy and enterprise innovation: a quasi-natural experiment from national intellectual property model city

加强知识产权保护工作是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要战略方向,因此,系统评估城市知识产权政策的创新效应,对于加快建设知识产权强国和创新型国家具有重要意义。以国家知识产权示范城市认定作为准自然实验,基于2006—2018年中国沪深A股上市公司的专利数据,采用双重差分法考察城市知识产权战略对企业创新的影响效应。研究发现:(1)知识产权示范城市政策促进了企业专利数量扩张,同时还提升了企业专利质量,具有明显的"增量提质"效应;(2)知识产权示范城市政策的创新效应促进了发明专利和实用新型专利授权数量的提升,且主要集中于非国有企业、高竞争强度和易被反向工程行业以及普通地级市;(3)知识产权示范城市政策的创新效应具有非线性特征,呈现出先增强后减弱的倒"U"型趋势;(4)知识产权示范城市政策能够通过增加企业研发投入、改善人力资本结构以及提升专利价值,进而对企业创新产生积极影响。研究结论揭示了城市知识产权战略对企业创新的促进作用,为扩大知识产权示范城市建设成果、加快知识产权强国建设、推动经济高质量发展提供经验参考。

Strengthening intellectual property(IP)rights protection is an important strategic direction for advancing the modernization of the national governance system and its capabilities.A systematic assessment of the innovation effects of urban IP policies is necessary to accelerate the construction of an IP power and an innovative country.This paper takes the establishment of a national IP model city as a quasi-natural experiment.Based on patent data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2006 to 2018,this paper uses a difference-in-differences model to examine the impact of urban IP strategies on corporate innovation.The results are as follows.(1)The IP model city policy promotes an increase in corporate patents and an improvement in their quality.(2)The innovation effect of the policy promotes an increase in the number of patents granted for inventions and utility models and is concentrated in non-state-owned enterprises,industries with high-intensity competition and with products or processes that are easily reverse-engineered and ordinary prefecture-level cities.(3)The innovation effect of the IP model city policy is non-linear with an inverted"U"trend.(4)The IP model city policy can positively impact corporate innovation by increasing corporate R&D investment,improving human capital structure,and enhancing the value of patents.The research reveals the role of the urban IP strategy in promoting enterprise innovation.It provides experiential support for expanding the construction of IP model cities,accelerating the construction of an intellectual property power country,and promoting high-quality economic development.