抽油机井泵下可正洗井防喷换向阀的研制与应用

Development and application of blowout prevention reversing valve for normal well-flushing under pumping unit

针对抽油机井在修井作业起、下抽油杆和油管过程中高压井液喷溢难控制及反洗井清蜡效果不理想的问题,开展了抽油机井泵下可正洗井防喷换向阀研究。将换向阀连接于柱塞泵泵下代替固定阀使用,通过下放、抬起抽油杆控制换向阀中心通道的开关及油管、油套环空的连通,实现对油管内液流的控制及抽油机井正循环洗井清蜡。截至2021年2月,抽油机井泵下可正洗井防喷换向阀已应用18井次,其中二次作业8井次,一次作业下管柱防喷成功率为100%,二次作业起管柱防喷成功率为100%,正循环热洗瞬时排量达30m^(3)以上,缓解了采油井修井作业的环保压力,改善了老井的热洗清蜡效果,提高了开发的经济效益。

In order to solve the problems that difficult control of high-pressure fluid blowout and unsatisfactory wax-removal effect of inverse well-flushing in the process of tripping the sucker rods and tubings in workover operations of oil pumping wells,the research on the blowout prevention reversing valve for normal well-flushing under pumping unit was carried out.The reversing valve is connected to the plunger pump to replace the fixed valve.By lowering and lifting the sucker rod,the switch in the central channel of the reversing valve and the connection of the oil tubings and the annulus of the casing and tubing can be controlled to realize the control of the liquid flow in the tubings,so as to remove wax during the normal circulation.By the February of 2012,the reversing valve for blowout prevention in normal well-flushing wells under the pumping unit has been applied to 18 wells,including 8 well times for secondary operations.The success rate of blowout prevention of running pipe string in primary operation was 100%.The success rate of blowout prevention of pulling out pipe string in secondary operation was also 100%.The instantaneous displacement of normal circulation for hot washing has reached more than 30m^(3),which can relieve the environmental protection pressure in workover operation for production wells,improve the hot wash wax-removal effect in old wells,and raise the economic benefits of the development.