水力喷射环空加砂压裂工具提质研究与应用

Research and application of improving the quality of hydraulic jet annular sand fracturing tools

连续油管水力喷射环空加砂压裂工艺集射孔、压裂等多功能于一体,是水平井开发的主体压裂技术之一。针对Y211底部封隔器、射孔枪、定位器、单流阀、平衡阀等核心及配套工具在多段压裂施工中性能需进一步提升的问题,开展了水力喷射环空加砂压裂工具提质研究。通过理论分析和室内实验验证,设计了带肩部保护机构的复合密封胶筒,优化了卡瓦结构参数和材料,创建了"变堵为疏"防砂、排砂方法,研制了耐磨蚀性强的新型射孔枪。整体工艺达到承压80MPa、耐温150℃、单趟管柱压裂42段、施工排量16m3/min、加砂规模不受限的技术指标,已应用84口井972段,增油效果明显,可扩展在直井大规模压裂等领域应用。

Hydraulic jet annular sand fracturing technology with coiled tubing is one of the domain fracturing technologies for the development of horizontal wells,which integrates perforation,fracturing and other functions.In order to improve the performance of key and matching tools in multi-stage fracturing operation,such as Y211 bottom packer,perforating gun,positioner,check valve,balance valve etc.,the research on improving the quality of hydraulic jet annular sand fracturing tools has been conducted.Through theoretical analysis and verification in indoor experiment,the composite sealed rubber cartridge with shoulder protection mechanism was designed,the structural parameters and materials of slip were optimized,the sand control and sand removal method were created of changing the plugging into drainage,and a new type of perforating gun with strong wear resistance and anticorrosion was developed.The overall technology rates up to pressure of 80 MPa,temperature of 150℃,42 intervals can be fractured in one run,the operation displacement is up to 16 m3/min without the limit of sand injection scale.It has been applied to 972 sections of 84 wells,with obvious oil increasing effect,which can be extended to largescale fracturing in vertical wells and other fields.