冈田朝太郎的刑法理论

Asataro Okada’s Criminal Law Theory

冈田朝太郎是清末修律过程中被聘请的日本刑法顾问。冈田被称作是"明治时期法学的巨星"。本文介绍了冈田的生平和成就、基本刑法思想、刑罚论、犯罪论、刑法理论特色。他的著作《日本刑法论》被称为在明治时期被最广泛阅读的刑法书,由此形成了日本固有的刑法论。《刑法讲义》是日本第一个介绍德国刑法学理论的学术著作。他在欧洲的德国、法国等地留学期间,师从李斯特等名师后,刑法思想开始转变,比如其研究特色明显地变为采用比较法的方法;他坚持刑法思想"进化主义",浓厚地反映了该时代日本刑法从学习法国法到德国法的学术风气,对当时日本流行的"折衷主义"形成了巨大冲击;以及他在罪刑法定主义,死刑、缓刑,因果关系、未遂、不能犯等刑法概念上均有一系列独特的观点。

Asataro Okada is a Japanese criminal law consultant hired in the law revision in the late Qing Dynasty.Mr Okada has been described as"the superstar of Meiji law".This paper introduces Okada’s life and achievements,basic thoughts of criminal law,theory of penalty,theory of crime and characteristics of criminal law theory.In particular:His book"Japanese Theory of Criminal Law"is known as the most widely read criminal law in the Meiji period,which formed the inherent theory of Criminal law in Japan.uLecture notes on Criminal Law"introduced the German scholars’works on the concept of criminal law in Japan for the first time at that time.During his study in Germany,France and other places in Europe,he studied under liszt and other famous teachers,and his criminal law thought changed.For example,his research characteristics obviously changed to the method of comparative law.He insisted on the"evolutionism"of criminal law,which strongly reflected the academic atmosphere of Japanese criminal law from studying French law,which had a huge impact on the"eclecticism"of Japanese general theory at that time..And his unique viewpoint on the concept of criminal law,such as the legality of a crime,death penalty,suspension of sentence,causality,attempt,inviolability,etc.