大学生创新创业项目对提高机械类人才培养质量影响研究

Research on the Impact of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Projects for College Students on Improving the Quality of Mechanical Talent Training

大学生创新创业项目是教育部为推动高等教育改革而推出的重要计划项目,目的在于通过项目的实行,提高高等教育的教学质量,增强大学生的创新能力,培养高水平、高层次的创新型人才。为较好地实施“国创计划”项目,北方工业大学机械与材料工程学院在管理制度、实验场所和经费、宣传动员等方面建立了有效的项目运行机制,并对不适合的机制进行了相应的改革和调整。对2018年以来学院机械本科专业参与“国创计划”项目的学生在创新实践、学科竞赛、升学深造等方面的数据进行分析研究,结果表明:参与“国创计划”项目的学生在创新实践学分方面明显高于未参加项目的学生,在国家级和省部级学科竞赛获奖方面,参加“国创计划”项目的学生人均获奖数高于未参加项目的学生,参加多次“国创计划”项目的学生获奖次数高于参加1次项目的学生;在升学深造方面参加“国创计划”项目学生比例超过学院平均升学比例约30%。大学生创新创业项目在提高机械类本科学生的创新实践能力方面起到了积极的作用,有效地提高了机械类本科应用型人才的培养质量。

The College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project is an important program launched by the Ministry of Education to promote higher education reform.The purpose of the project is to improve the teaching quality of higher education,enhance the innovation ability of college students,and cultivate high-level and innovative talents through the implementation of the project.In order to better implement“National Innovation Plan”project,the School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering at North China University of Technology has established an effective project operation mechanism in terms of management system,experimental facilities and funding,publicity and mobilization,and has made corresponding reforms and adjustments to unsuitable mechanisms.By analyzing and researching the data of students majoring in mechanical engineering who have participated in“National Innovation Plan”project since 2018,including innovation practice,subject competitions,and further education,this study aims to enhance their knowledge and skills.The research results show that students who participate in the“National Innovation Plan”project have significantly higher innovative practice credits than those who do not participate in the program.In terms of awards in national and provincial subject competitions,students who participate in the“National Innovation Plan”project have a higher average number of awards per person than those who do not participate in the program.Students who participate in multiple“National Innovation Plan”project have a higher number of awards than those who participate in one project;The proportion of students participating in the“National Innovation Plan”project for further education exceeds the average enrollment rate of the college by about 30%.The innovation and entrepreneurship projects for college students have played a positive role in improving the innovation and practical abilities of mechanical undergraduate students,effectively improving the quality of training applied talents in mechanical undergraduate education.