汉简《苍颉篇》释读举隅

Some Examples on the Collation and Interpretation of the Han Manuscripts Cangjiepian

本文以汉简《苍颉篇》的释读为中心,通过旧有材料的新释字、后出材料提供新释读、据后出材料辨析诸家异说三个方面共五个例子的讨论,考察在新材料层出不穷的背景下对旧有材料进行新释读需要注意的一些问题,认为汉简(尤其是旧有材料)文字释读的突破点在于更为细致地分析字形和充分利用后出材料提供的新信息。本文所举例证的结论如下:《阜苍》C032+C033之"戠"实为"周"字;居延汉简282.1未释首字从"阜(阝)",很可能是"陛"字;《水苍》C092之"秃央"当读为"秀英";肯定《水苍》C047"胫"之释读;据新见削杮补证《敦煌汉简》639C"筭"之释读。

Centered on the collation and interpretation of Cangjiepian苍颉篇 on the bamboo and wooden slips of the Han Dynasty,the paper explores new methods and approaches towards the study of old materials in the context of diverse new materials by discussing five examples of three categories,including new identifications of old materials,new interpretations provided by subsequently unearthed materials,and analyzing previous different opinions according to subsequently unearthed materials.The paper points out that the breakthrough point of the collation and interpretation of characters of bamboo and wooden slips of Han Dynasty is analyzing graphic forms more carefully and making full use of new information in subsequently unearthed materials.The five examples in this paper are as below:the character zhi 戠 is actually zhou周 in C032 and C033 of Fuyang bamboo slips;the left component of the first character in 282.1 of Juyan wooden slips is fu 阜(阝)and this character is probably bi 陛;the words tuyang秃央 in C092 of Shuiquanzi wooden slips should be interpretated as xiuying秀英;the identification of jing 胫 in C047 of Shuiquanzi wooden slips is correct according to new clear photographs;the identification of suan 筭 is right according to the supplements of new-published fragmentary slips in British Museum.