试论嘉禾吏民田家莂的破莂——以大木简的小孔为中心

Study on the Division of the Jiahe Limin Tianjia Bie:Centered on the Holes on the Big Wooden Slips

本文通过考察走马楼吴简中的嘉禾吏民田家莂(即大木简)的破莂,对整理者提出的凿孔剖分提出了疑问。遍检所有有孔大木简后,发现其形制长短、宽厚不一。内容上,通过乡与丘对应关系认识到没有哪个乡所对应丘的数量占优势,因此,它们应不是同一个乡的材料。观察简上的孔,虽然形状类似,但数量多少不一,分布不规律,大小有差异,有些出现在字迹上,有些残留木屑,甚至被木屑填满,推测不是利器钻凿而成。所以,我们认为大木简上的孔不是某个乡凿孔剖分而产生的,而可能是虫蛀造成的。另外通过大木简的编联关系发现这些有孔的大木简至少涉及两个乡的材料。

By examining the patterns of the Jiahe limin tianjia bie(a big wooden slip) in the Zoumalou slips of the Wu state,we put forward some questions about the issue of division by drilling proposed by the editors.We have studied all the big wooden slips with holes,and find that they are different in length,width and thickness.In terms of the content,through the correspondence between villages and hills,no village has a dominant number of hills,therefore,they should not be the documents of one village.It is also found that although the shapes of the holes on the big wooden slips are similar,the numbers,positions,and sizes are all different,and some holes appear on the handwriting,some are left with or even filled with sawdust,all of which refer that these holes were not made by sharp tools,but probably caused by worms.Based on the content,handwriting and other relevant information,these big wooden slips with holes were at least produced by two different villages.