谈谈楚国“■郢”问题

A Discussion on the “Ying(■)” of Chu State

楚国"■郢",见于清华简《楚居》,"■"字一律从二水从禾作■,"水"形多高于"禾",对该字的释读及其地理位置至今意见不一。"■郢"始见于楚文王早期,是从"疆郢"迁居的第一个"郢",其间或更名为"肥遗郢",至悼王时期还在利用,延续时间较长。春秋早期诸郢多在江汉沮漳一带,相互距离不远。安大楚简"髧"字异文作■,或释读为"沈(湛、沉)",此说不断得到新见材料佐证,当可信从。比较诸多因素,推测"淋郢"或有可能就是楚国"南郢",位于纪南城遗址或附近。

The Chuju(楚居)of Tsinghua bamboo slips sketches a place named"Ying(■)".The character"■"is consisted of two characters of shui(水)and one he(禾),and usually the two shui(水)are placed higher than the he(禾).There is a difference of opinion as to how to read"Ying(■)"and its specific location."Ying(■)"is first found in the early years of King Wen of Chu,as the first"Ying(郢)"(capital)after"Jiang Ying(疆郢)".According to speculation,it may have been called"Feiyi Ying(肥遗郢)"for a short time.Most of the"Ying(郢)"stood in the Jianghan Plain and were not far from each other in the Spring and Autumn Period.As the"■"of Anhui University bamboo slips was identified as"shen(沈/湛/沉)",we believe that the"Ying(■)"is probably the"Nan Ying(南郢)"of Chu State,which sat near the ruins of Jinan City(纪南城).