特大城市居民环境风险感知偏差研究——基于上海都市社区调查数据的发现

The research on thebias of risk perception of environment among residents in megalopolis:Based ondata from the urban community survey in Shanghai

已有关于城市风险感知的研究主要集中在主观环境风险感知方面,忽视了客观环境风险暴露与主观环境风险感知之间的差异及原因。结合风险社会理论和风险的社会放大理论(SARF),采用上海都市社区调查数据(SUNS),引入社区层面的客观环境风险暴露变量,对特大城市居民主观环境风险感知和客观环境风险暴露偏差的影响因素进行分析。研究发现,社会经济地位越高、互联网使用频次越高的居民,其主观环境风险感知程度越高。我国特大城市居民的环境风险感知存在明显偏差,社会经济地位越高和互联网使用频次越高的居民,其主观环境风险感知高于客观环境风险暴露的可能性越高。

In megacities with high population density,environmental problems are becoming more and more obvious,and people’s exposure to environmental risks and subjective environmental risks perception are rising rapidly.However,existingarticle focused on the subjective environmental risk perception,but ignored the differences between objective environmental risk exposure and subjective environmental risk perception,as well as the reasons for such differences.Based on the risk society theory and the Social Amplification Risk ofFrame(SARF),this article uses the data from the Shanghai UrbanNeighborhood Survey(SUNS)andadds the variable called objective environmental risk exposure at the community data level to analyze the influencing factors of the subjective environmental risk perception and objective environmental risk perception bias of the residents in metropolis.The paper finding that,firstly,residents with higher socioeconomic status and higher frequency of Internet use have higher subjective environmental risk perception.Secondly,there is a significant deviation in the environmental risk perception of residents in megacities in China,and the higher the socioeconomic status and the higher the frequency of Internet use,the higher the possibility that residents’subjective environmental risk perception is higher than their objective risk exposure.The finds of this paper have contributions to the further understanding of risk perception of urban residents.