中国的环境政策对经济高质量发展的影响研究——来自“双控区”试验的证据

Research on the Influence of China’s Environmental Policy on High-quality Economic Development:Evidence from the " Double Control Zone" test

基于1994-2002年我国281个地级市的面板数据,运用双重差分模型,从新的视角实证检验环境政策对高质量发展的推动作用。研究发现:第一,"双控区"试验的效果和我国高质量发展的目标和方向完全吻合,在供给侧的无效供给得到破除的同时,我国的创新能力得以大幅度提高。第二,"波特假说"在不同地区和行业具有明显的异质性,"双控区"试验的"创新补偿效应"在直辖市、计划单列市、省会城市和南方城市等创新能力强和产业结构合理的地区表现得更为显著。第三,"双控区"政策的作用机制主要在于"投资挤出效应"和"创新补偿效应"的合力。采取适度严格、因城施策的环境政策对于推动经济高质量发展具有重要意义。

Based on the panel data of 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 1994 to 2002,this paper employs a DID model to study the role of environmental policies in promoting high-quality development.The findings are as follows:first,the effect of the"Two Control Zone"policy is in line with the goal and direction of China’s high-quality development,the ineffective supply on the supply side was broken,at the same time,China’s innovation ability has been greatly improved;second,Porter hypothesis has obvious heterogeneity in different regions and industries,the"innovation compensation effect"of the"Two Control Zone"experiment is more significant in the regions with strong innovation ability and reasonable industrial structure,such as municipalities directly under the central government,cities with separate planning,provincial capital cities and southern cities;third,the mechanism of"Two Control Zone"policy lies in the combination of"investment crowding out"and"innovation compensation".It is of great significance to adopt a moderate and strict environmental policy and implement policies according to the city’s needs to promote high-quality economic development.