塑造高街的未来——空间吸引力和购物选择的太阳模式

Shaping the Future of High Streets:Place Attraction and the Sun Model of Shopping Choices

传统购物街(高街)因受到网上购物迅速发展的影响而出现了生存危机。本文研究了传统商业街的本质以及它们是如何变化和更新的;通过一个新的太阳模型,将传统形式的零售和网上购物的显著特征概念化,并探讨决定购物选择的因素;提出我们已经从出行经济和中心主义范式转变为空间吸引力范式;并且,在这个新的背景下,探讨了塑造传统商业街未来的不同方法。最后提出疑问:什么是可以保证高街未来的关键性空间干预因素?本文是一篇概念性和推测性的文章,立足于对专业、政策、行业分析交流和实证案例的调研。这些分析为文章的前半部分提供了参考,概念化了购物选择时的“太阳模型”。尽管后半部分在列举并探讨3个主动型干预因素时,以来自于英国国内并反映了英国情况的案例以及人们在英格兰所采取的方法作为论据,文章仍是具有国际视野的。英国在摆脱传统零售业的道路上走得很远,因此随着传统购物街面临的生存危机在世界各地上演,英国正在探索的数据和政策方法也因此能够揭示许多可能预料到的挑战和机遇。

This paper explores the existential crisis on traditional shopping streets(high streets)driven by the rapid move to shopping online.The paper examines the nature of traditional shopping streets and how they are changing,conceptualises the distinguishing characteristics of traditional forms of retail and online shopping,through a new sun model discusses the factors that determine shopping choices,argues that we have shifted from a movement economy and centrality paradigm to a place attraction one,and explores,in this new context,the different approaches to shaping the future of traditional shopping streets.Ultimately,it asks what are the key place-based intervention factors that can help to guarantee a future for our high streets?This paper is a conceptual and speculative piece,based on the heuristic investigation of professional,policy,industry discourse and analysis,and empirical evidence.This analysis informs the first half of the paper in which a“sun model”of shopping choices is conceptualised.The discussion is international in scope,although much of the evidence draws from sources within and reflecting on the situation in the UK with approaches taken in England used as a case study in the second half of the paper where three proactive intervention factors are illustrated and discussed.The UK is particularly advanced on its journey away from traditional retail so the data and policy approaches being explored in the country reveal much about challenges and opportunities that we might expect as the existential crisis facing traditional shopping streets plays out around the world.