电动汽车空档扭矩控制对道路阻力曲线和能耗的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Neutral Torque Control of Pure Electric Vehicles on Road Load Curve and Energy Consumption

纯电动汽车不同于传统燃油车,两者空挡机构存在很大差异。在进行道路滑行时,传统燃油车由于有离合器机构的存在,动力输出完全断开,车辆在风阻、驱动系统损失及滚阻的共同作用下进行减速,而纯电动汽车的空档和D档机械结构完全相同,只是通过整车控制器(VCU)和电机控制器(INV)来控制电机扭矩,从而达到近似的"空档"效果。但由于VCU和INV控制不可能让电机完完全全的做到0扭矩输出和回收,那么在道路滑行过程中,除了风阻、驱动系统损失及滚阻外,还会受到电机所产生的驱动力或者制动力,这样必然会造成道路阻力曲线的变化,但是通过多次测试和试验,发现尽管空档扭矩会造成车辆道路阻力曲线的变化,但其能耗几乎不受影响。

Electric vehicles are different from traditional fuel vehicles in their neutral gears.Coast on the road,due to the clutch mechanism,the power output of traditional fuel vehicles is completely disconnected,and the vehicle decelerates under the combined effects of wind resistance,drive system loss and rolling resistance.While the neutral gear and D gear mechanical structure of pure electric vehicles are exactly the same,but the motor torque of pure electric vehicles is controlled by VCU and INV,so as to achieve a similar"neutral"effect.However,since VCU and INV control cannot make the motor completely achieve zero torque output and recovery,in the process of road coasting,in addition to wind resistance,drive system loss and rolling resistance,the driving force or braking force generated by the motor will also be affected,which will cause the change of road load curve.However,through many tests and experiments,it is found that although the neutral torque will cause changes of the road load curve,its energy consumption is hardly affected.