论下向充填采矿法充填回风井预留工艺研究

Research on the reservation process of filling back wind wells by downward filling mining method

下向充填采矿法充填回风井是井下盘区通风、进路充填、紧急逃生的重要通道,回风井预留过程中由于密封不良、固定不稳定等原因,成功预留难度较大,贯通率低,导致下分层开采时要采用爆破对上分层预留回风井进行疏通,疏通堵塞小井人员安全无法保证,急需改进充填回风井预留工艺。本文通过研究改进充填回风小井预留工艺,创新了预留设备和预留平台,优化了铁盒子密封材料和方式,实现了预留小井98%的贯通率,避免了“挑小井”作业,一方面显著降低了员工劳动强度,避免了因挑小井周期过长带来的安全风险,消除了因挑小井造成的安全隐患,避免了由于挑小井的爆破作业对充填回风井井壁的破坏,保证了充填回风井的稳定性,延长其服务年限。可为类似矿山井下通道的预留提供指导。

Downward filling mining method filling back air well is an important channel for ventilation,approach filling and emergency escape in the underground area,and it is difficult to successfully reserve and low penetration rate due to poor sealing and unstable fixation in the process of returning air well reservation,resulting in the use of blasting to dredge the upper layer reserved return air well during down-layer mining,and the safety of personnel who dredge and block the small well cannot be guaranteed,and it is urgent to improve the filling back air well reservation process.Through the research and improvement of the reservation process of filling and filling small air wells,the reserved equipment and reserved platform are innovated,the iron box sealing materials and methods are optimized,and the penetration rate of 98%of the reserved small wells is realized,which avoids the operation of"picking small wells",on the one hand,significantly reduces the labor intensity of employees,avoids the safety risks caused by the long cycle of picking small wells,eliminates the potential safety hazards caused by picking small wells,avoids the damage to the wall of the filling back wind well due to the blasting operation of picking small wells,ensures the stability of filling back air wells,and prolongs its service life.Guidance can be provided for the reservation of similar mine underground passages.