材料前沿测试表征技术及其在船舶材料领域的应用展望

Development of Material Characterization Techniques and Their Future Applications in Ship Material

材料测试表征技术是了解材料宏观和微观特征、剖析材料科学问题、进行材料应用评价的基础,测试表征技术的发展极大地加速了材料科学重大发现和重要理论创新的进程,密切跟踪测试表征技术前沿动态并尝试在科研生产中加以运用是材料研究的主要创新途径。通过了解材料基础研究和工程应用所关注的关键性能特征(如力学性能、化学成分、微观特征、疲劳性能、腐蚀性能等)的测试表征技术的发展现状,并分析前沿测试表征技术在船舶材料中的应用前景,为船舶领域的材料研制和工程应用研究提供参考。

Testing and characterization techniques are the fundamentals for understanding of the macro-micro feature of materials,analyzing scientific problems and estimating engineering performance.The development of these techniques enormously facilitates the major breakthroughs and theoretical innovations.Therefore,closely tracking the cutting edge testing and characterization techniques and trying to apply them to the science and development process of material research are the main routes for innovation.Here are reviewed the development status of the testing and characterization techniques of mechanical properties,chemical composition,micro features,fatigue properties and corrosion properties,and is analyzed their future application in marine engineering materials,which is to offer a reference for the research and development of ship materials.