“过往即他乡”——基于当地居民口述史的胡同整治更新反思

The Past is a Foreign Country——Introspection on the Renovation of Hutong based on the Oral History of the Local Residents

城市遗产处在不断流动变化的过程中,所谓保护本身就是一系列"文化—社会"互动的进程。传统的北京历史街区保护中过多关注建筑实体的价值判断,而忽视居民体验与社会发展的关系。为了回答"为何保护,为谁保护"的问题,本文通过街区访谈、多人口述史的方式,收集北京胡同中常住居民的城市记忆与居住故事,倾听居民对近年来发生在各条胡同的整治工作的感受。由此绘制出胡同典型居民的画像,从内部提升、院落腾退及政策执行、街道整治和街面改造三个方面探讨工作的效果及问题,并对北京历史街区胡同的更新命题进行反思。

Urban heritage is in the process of change,and protection itself is a series of"culture society"interactive process.In the traditional protection of Beijing historical district,too much attention is paid to the value judgment of the building entity,while the relationship between the building environment and the residents,and the social development is weakened.In order to answer the question of"why to protect and for whom to protect",this paper collects the urban memory and living stories of the residents of Beijing historical district by way of block interview and oral history of many people,and listens to the residents’feelings about the renovation work in various alleys in recent years.In the process,we draw the portraits of the typical residents of the Hutong,discuss the effects and problems of the work from the internal promotion,courtyard retreat and policy implementation,street renovation and street surface reconstruction,and reflect on the renewal proposition of the Hutong in the Beijing historical block.