区域市场整合能否提升企业的产能利用率?

Can Regional Market Integration Improve the Capacity Utilization of Enterprises?

立足国内大循环、推动区域市场整合对于优化企业投资决策、提升产能利用率具有重要意义。基于市场需求效应和资源配置效应的分析视角,文章考察了区域市场整合对企业产能利用率的影响及其内在的传导机制,并采用中国工业企业的微观数据实证分析了其中的影响效应。研究发现,区域市场整合有助于促进企业产能利用率的提升。区域市场整合能够扩大企业产品的市场需求,促进要素的有效供给和资源优化配置,进而对企业的产能利用率提升产生积极作用,即存在市场需求效应和资源配置效应。进一步地,那些高税收基础、高就业贡献企业和国有企业的产能利用率提升对区域市场整合的敏感性更高;区域市场整合对重工业部门企业产能利用率的提升效应也要高于轻工业部门;且区域市场整合显著提升了中部地区和西部地区企业的产能利用率,对东部地区的影响效应是不显著的。文章的研究结论为中国畅通国内大循环、提升企业投资效率和经济发展质量提供了有益启示。

For Chinese enterprises,which are in a situation of great change that has not been seen in a century,improving capacity utilization is not only an important way to enhance sustainable viability and comprehensive competitiveness,but also the key to optimize the allocation of social resources and improve economic resilience.Especially in recent years,governments have continuously deepened the supply-side structural reform,promoted the"three removal,one reduction and one compensation",and regarded the"removal of production capacity"as one of the important tasks to achieve high-quality economic development.However,the overcapacity of Chinese enterprises has not been fundamentally solved,which has become a deep-seated problem hindering the sustainable development of China’s economy.Therefore,identifying the key factors affecting the improvement of capacity utilization of Chinese enterprises and exploring the path of optimizing enterprise capacity decision-making are still an important issue worthy of attention.In recent years,accelerating the regional coordinated development and building a unified domestic market have gradually attracted extensive attention.Governments have successively issued a variety of measures to eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation to promote regional market integration.At the same time,they have accelerated the construction of transportation infrastructure such as high-speed railway and improved the interconnection between different regions.China’s domestic market is undergoing an important transformation from segmentation and fragmentation to integration.In the continuously integrated domestic market,the market space of enterprise products is broader,and the efficiency of resource allocation is improved,which will have an important impact on enterprise capacity decision-making and capacity utilization.From the perspectives of market demand effect and resource allocation effect,this paper investigates the impact of regional market integration on enterprise capacity utilization,and empirically analyzes the effect by using the micro data of Chinese industrial enterprises.It is found that regional market integration significantly improves the capacity utilization of enterprises.Regional market integration not only improves the market demand of enterprise products,but also promotes the effective supply of factors and the optimal allocation of resources,which has a positive effect on the improvement of enterprise capacity utilization.Enterprises with high tax base and high employment contribution and state-owned enterprises are more sensitive to regional market integration;the effect of regional market integration on the capacity utilization of enterprises in heavy industry sector is also higher than that in light industry sector;regional market integration significantly improves the capacity utilization of enterprises in the central and western regions,while the effect in the eastern region is not significant.This paper not only helps to further enrich the research on the formation mechanism of overcapacity,but also provides useful enlightenment for exploring the path of unblocking the domestic circulation and improving the quality of economic development.