摘要
We study the energy issue in critical collapse.It is found that in critical collapse,the contribution from the material energy is greater than that from the gravitational energy.The quantity m/r plays an important role in identifying the formation of an apparent horizon in gravitational collapse,where m is the Misner-Sharp mass and r is the areal radius.We observe that in critical collapse,the maximum value of m/r fluctuates between 2/15 and 4/15.This denotes a large gap between critical collapse and black hole formation for which the criterion is m/r=1/2.
基金
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11925503)
supported by Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation under grant No.ZR2019MA068.