2000—2018中原地区区域生态风险时空演化研究

2000—2018 Research on the Spatiotemporal Evolution of Regional Ecological Risks in the Central Plains Region

从人类活动风险和生态脆弱性两方面解构生态风险,综合自然灾害、人为干扰、生态敏感等评价指标建立生态风险评价模型,在此基础上分析中原地区2000—2018年生态风险的时空演化。研究结果显示:2000和2018年中原区域人类活动风险分别为0.3438、0.4013,上升16.72%;生态脆弱性分别为0.2347、0.2831,上升20.62%;生态风险分别为0.0798、0.1025,上升28.45%;高风险区域主要集中在黄淮海平原的郑州市及其周围,南阳盆地中部。从空间变化上看,豫西、太行山山地丘陵区西部始终保持较低风险,变化率不高;黄淮平原北部生态风险维持中等水平,变化率较为平稳;地处黄河、淮河流域中下游的郑州市和洛阳市西北部始终是高风险积聚区域,高风险区域扩张较大,需对生态环境加大监测和保护力度。

This paper deconstructs the ecological risk from two aspects of human activity risk and ecological vulnerability,and establishes an ecological risk assessment model based on evaluation indicators such as natural disasters,human disturbance,and ecological sensitivity.On this basis,it analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution of ecological risks in the Central Plains region from 2000 to 2018.The results of the study show that the human activity risk in the Central Plains region in 2000and 2018 was 0.3438 and 0.4013,an increase of 16.72%,the ecological vulnerability was 0.2347 and 0.2831,an increase of20.62%,and the ecological risk was 0.0798 and 0.1025,an increase of 28.45%,which was high risk.The area is mainly concentrated in Zhengzhou City and its surroundings on the Huanghuaihai Plain,and the central part of the Nanyang Basin;in terms of spatial changes,the western Henan and western Taihang Mountain hilly areas have always maintained a low risk and the rate of change is not high;the ecological risk of the northern Huanghuai Plain has remained medium the level of change is relatively stable;Zhengzhou City and the northwestern part of Luoyang City,located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and Huai River Basin,are always high-risk accumulation areas,and high-risk areas have expanded greatly,and the ecological environment needs to be more monitored and protected.