站式三维激光扫描仪在地下人防洞室测绘中的应用

Application of station 3D laser scanner in underground civil air defense cavern surveying and mapping

传统地下人防测绘通过全站仪引测地下导线,测绘离散点的方式获取地下结构平面和高程,借助成图软件绘制平面图。地下人防结构通常形状复杂、空间狭窄,采用传统测绘方式难度大,不利于表达人防洞室三维空间形态。本文以某人防洞室测绘项目为例,将三维激光扫描技术应用于地下人防洞室现状测绘中,基于全息三维激光点云数据,经过点云数据绝对定向、点云拼接及去噪、点云精修等预处理,绘制地下人防洞室现状平面图,生成一定间隔断面,直观展示地下人防洞室现状结构。通过点云数据与全站仪数据精度和效率对比,验证了三维激光扫描方式的有效性和高效率,为类似项目提供借鉴。

The traditional underground civil air defense surveying and mapping obtains the underground structure plane and elevation by means of total station,surveying and mapping discrete points,and draws the plane map with the help of mapping software.The shape of underground civil air defense structure is usually complex and the space is narrow,so it is difficult to use the traditional mapping method,which is not conducive to express the three-dimensional space form of civil air defense cavern.Taking the surveying and mapping project of an underground air defense cavern as an example,this paper applies the 3D laser scanning technology to the surveying and mapping of the current situation of underground air defense caverns.Based on the holographic 3D laser point cloud data,through the point cloud data absolute orientation,point cloud splicing and denoising,point cloud refinement and other preprocessing,the plane map of the current situation of underground air defense caverns is drawn,and a certain interval section is generated to visually display the current situation of underground air defense caverns structure.By comparing the accuracy and efficiency of point cloud data and total station data,the effectiveness and efficiency of 3D laser scanning method are verified,which provides a reference for similar projects.