内蒙古灌丛化草原植物群落特征研究

Study on plant community characteristics of shrubby grassland in Inner Mongolia

如何看待和处理灌丛化草原现象是目前研究草原生态系统面临的重要问题。本文以内蒙古地区典型草原和荒漠草原为研究对象,通过探索性数据分析、核密度分析和统计分析等方法探究灌丛化草原的生态特征和空间关系。研究发现,研究区域中入侵草原的主要灌木植物是小叶锦鸡儿,其在灌丛样方中的出现频率最高(94%),草地样方中出现频率最高的灌木植物为木地肤(46%);灌丛草本均高19.98 cm,比草地草本均高(11.62 cm)更显著。灌丛化草原的灌木平均覆盖率为7.62%,灌丛斑块大小与经纬度呈负相关的态势,灌丛均高随经度增加而增加,随纬度的变化呈驼峰状。另外,灌丛化草原的生物多样性和生物丰富度会随着纬度的增加而减少。

How to treat and deal with the phenomenon of shrubby grassland is an important problem in the study of grassland ecosystem.Taking the typical grassland and desert grassland in Inner Mongolia as the research object,this paper explores the ecological characteristics and spatial relationship of shrubbery grassland through exploratory data analysis,nuclear density analysis and statistical analysis.The results showed that Caragana microphylla was the main shrub plant invading grassland in the study area,and its occurrence frequency in shrub plot was the highest(94%),and the shrub plant with the highest occurrence frequency in grassland plot was Kochia xylostella(46%);The height of shrub herbs was 19.98 cm,which was more significant than that of grassland herbs(11.62 cm).The average shrub coverage rate of shrubbery grassland was 7.62%.The patch size of shrubbery was negatively correlated with latitude and longitude.The average height of shrubbery increased with the increase of longitude,and showed hump shape with the change of latitude.In addition,the biodiversity and biodiversity of shrubby grassland will decrease with the increase of latitude.