优化的长距离跨海高程传递测量方法研究

Research on an optimized long-distance sea-crossing method of elevation transfer measurement

针对现有长距离跨海高程传递测量方法在实际生产中效率低和不便业务化推广的问题,该文提出了一种优化的可用于业务化长距离跨海高程传递测量的方法。该方法通过使用全球卫星导航系统静态观测方法获取基线长度,选用特制觇灯作为观测目标,采用“小角度测微法”进行仪器高标定,合理选取跨海场地和严格同步对垂直角进行自动观测等作业方法,减小各项误差对测量精度的影响,优化后的观测方法在SHKH和QDKH两处跨海高程传递测量中得到较好的业务化应用。经对项目数据分析可知:光段互差和环线闭合差均小于限差要求,经平差计算可得SHKH和QDKH的每千米高差中数的中误差分别为+1.45 mm和+1.57 mm,所测成果各项指标均达到二等水准的精度要求。

Aiming at the problem that the existing long-distance sea-crossing elevation transfer measurement are inefficient and inconvenient popularization in actual production,this paper proposed an optimized method,which could be operationally applied for long-distance sea-crossing elevation transfer measurement.This method obtained the baseline length by using the global navigation satellite system static observation method,selects a special target lamp as the observation target,adopted the“small angle micrometer method”to calibrate the instrument height,reasonably selected the cross-sea site and strictly synchronizes of the vertical angle automatic observation and so on,to reduce the impact of various errors on measurement accuracy.The optimized measurement method had been well applied in the sea-crossing elevation transfer survey of SHKH and QDKH.Through the analysis of the project data,it could be seen that the mutual difference between half day vertical angle data and height difference closure error were less than the limit error requirements.Through the adjustment calculation,the unit weight mean square error per kilometer of SHKH and QDKH were+1.45 mm and+1.57 mm respectively.The results showed that all indexes met the accuracy requirements of the second order leveling.