罗尔斯正义论视域下我国义务教育的三维公平建构

The Building of a Fair Three-dimensional Compulsory Educational System in China From the Perspective of Rawls’ Theory of Justice

教育对坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化具有基础性、先导性和全局性作用。教育公平问题则是教育领域中民众最关注的热点之一,其实质是社会主义公平正义价值观在教育领域的延伸体现,它是改善民生的基础,可以为每一位受教育者创造公平的起点,并为实现我国的善治之路奠定坚实的基础。基于罗尔斯"正义论",以其正义原则为理论研究视角,代入教育权利、教育机会、成本分担三维公平建构下义务教育阶段的教育公平概念,提出创新教育伦理制度顶层设计,加强"互联网+"教育信息化建设,以及开展"补偿性教育"等具备"正义论"思想内涵的措施,推动我国义务教育阶段教育公平的多维度发展。

Education plays a fundamental,leading and overall role in advocating and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics as well as modernizing the national governance system and increasing governance capacity.Educational equality is one of the hottest issues concerning the people,and its essence is an extension of the socialist values of fairness and justice in the field of education.Educational equality is also the base for the improvement of the people’s livelihood.It can make people reach the starting point equally and lay a solid foundation for the good governance of our country.On the basis of Rawls’Theory of Justice and from the theoretical perspective of the principles of justice,the definition of equality in compulsory education can be provided in three dimensions:the right to education,educational opportunities and cost sharing.Importance must be attached to the design of the top-level system for the ethics of innovative education;the pace of informationization in education should be quickened;"compensatory education"with the implication of"Theory of Justice"is supposed to be provided in order to promote the multi-dimensional development of compulsory education in our country.