中小学教师工作负担研究综述

The Review of Primary and Secondary School Teachers’ Workload

运用文献计量法对教师工作负担相关研究成果进行分析,发现中小学教师工作呈现任务繁重、工作时间过度延长和工作压力日渐沉重等现状;教师过重的工作负担问题会影响其身心发展、影响教师队伍的建设、影响工作满意度等,长此以往可能引发教师职业倦怠、流失等问题。教师过重的工作负担主要有个人、组织、社会这几种来源,减轻教师过重的工作负担需要依法保障其权益、合理安排其编制、提升其专业能力、加强对教师的人文关怀,改善其工作环境。

Based on the analysis of the results from the research on teachers’workload by using the bibliometric method,it is found that primary and secondary school teachers have got too heavy workload,too long working hours,and more and more considerable pressure of work.The excessive workload for teachers will affect teachers’physical and mental development,the team building of teachers as well as satisfaction from their work and so on.In the long run,the excessive workload may let the teachers suffer burnout and make them quit.Individuals,institutions and society have all contributed to teachers’heavy workload.To reduce teachers’heavy workload,it is necessary to protect teachers’rights and interests by law,build a fair system for distributing the workload between the permanent teaching staff and the teachers on fixed-term contracts,enhance teachers’professional quality,give teachers more personal touch and improve their working environment.