中国民营企业的内部腐败治理:从公司治理到国家治理

Internal Corruption Governance of Private Enterprises in China: From Corporate Governance to National Governance

在既有的观念和研究中,民营企业内部发生的职务侵占、回扣交易、挪用资金等腐败行为常常只被视为一种企业内部治理或个体道德问题。本文通过分析中国民营企业在长期"公尊私卑"的体制和观念影响下,其内部腐败治理面临的公私政策差别、法律保障力度、反腐资源分配等诸多制度性障碍,指出民营企业的内部腐败治理既是一个企业治理问题,更是一个不容忽视的国家治理问题。同时,本文对当前几种治理模式进行分析得出,由于民营企业的内部腐败与公共权力腐败的性质不同,国家在加大支持和保障力度的同时,介入的方式、程度应当具体分析,不能取代民营企业自身在内部腐败治理中的主体地位。

According to the existing concepts and research,the corruption behaviors such as post embezzlement,kickback transaction,misappropriation of funds and so on in private enterprises are usually regarded as problems of internal governance or individual moral code.As a matter of fact,the internal corruption within private enterprises not only,at the expenses of the interests of owners and investors,retards the development of enterprises,but also hinders the fair competition in the market and degenerates the social conduct,which should be acknowledged at the level of national governance.This paper analyzes the institutional obstacles faced by the private enterprises in China under the influence of the long-term system and concept of"public respect and private inferiority",such as the difference between public and private policies,the strength of legal protection,the distribution of anti-corruption resources,and points out that the internal corruption governance of private enterprises is not only a corporate governance problem,but also a problem of national governance that can not be neglected.At the same time,by analyzing several current governance models,this paper concludes that,due to the different nature of internal corruption and public power corruption in private enterprises,while the state increasing support and protection,the way and degree of intervention should be analyzed in detail,which can not replace the main status of private enterprises in internal corruption governance.In the future,by improving the way and content of national governance,and strengthening the role of state power resources in top-level design and incentive guidance,a more conscious role in autonomy in private enterprises can be further promoted.