农民参与协商民主的困境检视及优化路径——基于协商系统理论的解释

A Review of the Predicament and Optimization Path of Peasants'Participation in Deliberative Democracy——interpretation based on deliberative system theory

农民在农村基层协商民主中扮演着至关重要的作用,但其协商参与现状不容乐观。既有文献对此的探讨多局限于农民个体因素,缺乏整体性分析。本文将协商系统理论的视角引入农民协商参与研究之中,在德雷泽克的六要素分析框架基础上,选取开放论坛、信息传播以及元协商三个维度探析农民广泛参与协商民主的可能。我国农民参与协商短板多集中在参与渠道、参与意愿以及参与能力这三个方面。本文尝试运用协商系统理论,发现通过设置开放协商论坛,可以拓展农民协商参与渠道;多元化协商信息传播,可以激发农民协商参与意愿;体系化协商流程,可为农民协商参与提供制度性保障。协商系统的观点能够有效改善农民协商民主的参与困境,推动农村基层协商民主走向治理有效。

Farmers play a vital role in rural grass-roots deliberative democracy,but the current situation of their deliberation and participation is not optimistic.The discussion on this in the existing literature is mostly limited to the individual factors of farmers,lack of holistic analysis.The perspective of deliberation system theory is introduced into the study of farmers'deliberation participation.on the basis of Dryzek's six-element analysis framework,open forums,information dissemination and meta-deliberation are selected to explore the possibility of farmers'extensive participation in deliberative democracy.The short board of Chinese farmers'participation in deliberation is mainly concentrated in three aspects:participation channels,participation willingness and participation ability.Trying to use the deliberation system theory,it is found that by setting up an open deliberation forum,farmers'deliberation participation channels can be expanded;diversified deliberation information dissemination can stimulate farmers'willingness to negotiate and participate;systematic deliberation process can provide institutional guarantee for farmers'deliberation participation.The viewpoint of deliberation system can effectively improve the plight of farmers'participation in deliberative democracy and promote rural grass-roots deliberative democracy to effective governance.