精英俘获一定有害吗——基于农民专业合作社的调查

Is Elite Capture Necessarily Harmful

我国农业农村发展中的精英俘获都是有害的吗?本文借鉴精英控制与精英俘获的研究,结合黑龙江克山县仁发现代农业农机专业合作社以下简称“仁发合作社”。发展案例,研究发现:(1)精英俘获并非一定有害。按照精英俘获产生的影响,精英俘获可以分为有益的精英俘获和有害的精英俘获。(2)有益的精英俘获是建设性的,有害的精英俘获是掠夺性的。仁发合作社的案例显示:虽然仁发合作社精英社员平均收益更高,但资本收益有限且合作社盈余分配方案趋向更有利于非精英社员收入增长。仁发合作社精英社员对合作社建立和发展都作出了贡献。(3)外部有效监管和内部自我制约是有益精英俘获产生的重要原因。本文研究结论对巩固脱贫攻坚成果和有效实施乡村振兴战略有重要启示。

Is the capture of elites in China's agricultural and rural development harmful?Based on the research on elite control and elite capture,and combined with the development case of Renxuandai Agricultural Machinery Cooperative in Keshan County,Heilongjiang Province,this paper finds that:(1)elite capture is not necessarily harmful.According to the influence of elite capture,elite capture can be divided into beneficial elite capture and harmful elite capture.(2)The beneficial elite capture is constructive,while the harmful elite capture is predatory.The case of renfa cooperatives shows that although the average income of elite members in renfa cooperatives is higher,the capital gain is limited and the cooperative surplus distribution scheme tends to be more favorable to the income growth of non-elite members.The elite members of Renfa cooperative have made important contributions to the establishment and development of the cooperative.(3)Effective external supervision and internal self-restriction are important reasons for beneficial elite capture.The conclusions of this study have important implications for the consolidation of poverty alleviation and the effective implementation of rural revitalization strategies.