失独父母养老社区照顾困境与对策研究——基于社区照顾理论的视角

A Study on the Dilemma and Countermeasures of Community Care for Parents Losing Only One Child——From the Perspective of Community Care Theory

失独父母的养老需求既同于一般老人,也有其明显特殊性。本研究采用访谈法,资料来源于两方面:一是《中国日报》对9位失独父母的访谈;二是研究者对5位失独老人的结构式访谈。通过对访谈资料的归纳分析,发现失独父母养老的社区照顾困境主要表现为:社区融入困境与社区照顾服务供给困境。在社区照顾理论的指导下,通过有效整合失独父母的正式与非正式照顾资源,在政策层面加大对失独父母养老的经济保障,在社区层面加强社工服务机构等非营利组织对失独父母的心理疏导与养老服务供给,最后结合非正式照顾资源对失独父母的情感与工具性支持,共同应对失独父母养老的社区照顾困境,最终实现失独父母的养老福祉。

The pension needs of the parents losing their only one child are not only the same as the general elderly,but also have their obvious particularity.This research adopts interview method,and the data are collected from two aspects:one is the interview of 9 parents losing their only one child in‘China Daily’,and the other is the structured interview of 5 elderly people losing their only one child.Through the inductive analysis of the interview data,it is found that the dilemma of community care for the parents losing their only one child is mainly manifested as:the dilemma of community integration and the dilemma of community care service supply.Under the guidance of the community care theory,we should effectively integrate the formal and informal community care resources,increase the economic security for the parents losing their only one child at the policy level,and strengthen the psychological counseling and elderly care service supply for the parents who have lost their only one child by non-profit organizations such as social work service institutions at the community level,Finally,the informal care resources should be used to provide emotional and instrumental support for parents losing their only one child,we can jointly deal with the community care dilemma of the parents losing their only one child,and achieve the elderly well-being of the parents losing their only one child ultimately.