孤独的幸福院:农村互助养老政策的多重脱嵌困境研究

A Study of Multiple Disembedding Dilemmas of Rural Mutual Support for the Aged Policy

农村传统的家庭养老功能在逐步衰退,养老面临重大挑战,而作为破冰之举的幸福院互助养老建设却处于空壳状态;究其原因,是因为以幸福院为载体的农村互助养老政策与农村现实嵌入出现偏差,表现在结构脱嵌、文化脱嵌和社会脱嵌三个方面。其启示在于:第一,互助养老的核心在于内生动力,没有内生力量仅靠外部力量推动难以持续;第二,农村互助养老的边界外移需要外部条件的改变。

The traditional function of family support for the aged is gradually declining in rural areas.However,the construction of welfare homes as an ice breaking movement of mutual support for the elderly is in an empty shell state.Because there is a Disembedding between the rural mutual support pension policy based on happy homes and the rural reality.It is manifested in three aspects:structural disembedding,cultural disembedding and social disembedding.The core of mutual support for the aged lies in the endogenous power,it is difficult to be sustained only by external forces without endogenous forces.The boundary of mutual support for the aged in rural areas needs to be changed.