代际合力、城乡联动与“半城市化”路径——基于浙东H村农民进城过程的考察

Intergenerational synergy,urban-rural linkage and“semi-urbanization”path——Investigation on the process of peasants entering the city in the H Village of East Zhejiang Province

基于浙东H村的调研经验,农民进城的动力来源于村庄竞争、教育跃升期望及家庭现代转型的结构压力,其进城成本分担呈现出以代际合力为基础的“联合式”机制,这与西方主流的家庭现代化理论形成悖论。但农民进城是一个连续的过程,代际合力仅能提升农民家庭的初次进城能力,真正实现“体面进城”并融入城市社会体系还需进一步依赖“城乡联动”,保持进城农民与乡村社会之间的经济与制度关联,保障农民在城乡之间往返的弹性空间与选择权。因此,长远来看,农民“半城市化”形态将在一定时期长期存在,其本质是中国工业化与现代化发展的阶段性产物。

Based on the research experience of Zhejiang H Village,the driving force of peasants entering the city comes from the structural pressure of village competition,the expectation of education and modern family transformation,and its cost-sharing relys on“joint”mechanism basing on intergenerational synergies,but finally being a paradox with the mainstream domestic modernization theory.However,the peasants entering the city is a continuous process.The intergenerational synergy can only improve the peasant family's ability to enter the city for the first time.To truly realize the“decent entry into the city”and integrate into the urban social system,it is necessary to further rely on the“urban-rural linkage”.The economic and institutional relationship between the old villages and the villages guarantees the flexible space and choice of farmers in the urban and rural areas.Therefore,in the long run,the“semi-urbanization”pattern of peasants will exist for a long time in a certain period of time,and its essence is the staged product of China's industrialization and modernization development.