互惠式依赖与协商性治理:传统时期乡村治理的运行逻辑——基于皖东南湾村的田野调查

Reciprocal dependency and Consultative Governance:The Operational Logic of Rural Governance in the Traditional Period——Based on the field investigation of Southeast Anhui Village

互惠式依赖是一种特殊主义的平等性交换关系,具有特殊性、互利性与平等性特征。由于互惠互利产生的原因不同,互惠式依赖关系可以区分为利益互惠式依赖、情感互惠式依赖和价值互惠式依赖三种理想类型,它们分别在乡村水利治理、白事治理与做会治理中发挥重要作用,并共同形塑乡村社会的协商性治理形态。随着"人的依赖关系"向"物的依赖关系"的转变,互惠式依赖关系逐渐失去根基,协商性治理趋于失效。所以,要在"物的依赖关系"情景中,通过现代公共规则的乡土化与传统道德资源的再本土化,重塑互惠式依赖关系,促进乡村有效治理。

The reciprocal dependency is a kind of special equality exchange relationship,which has the characteristics of particularity,reciprocity and equality.Due to the different reasons for reciprocity and mutual benefit,the reciprocal dependency relationship can be divided into three ideal types:interest reciprocal dependency,emotional reciprocal dependency,and value reciprocal dependency,which play the roles in rural water governance,Funeral governance,and Guanyin organization governance and jointly shape the form of consultative governance in rural society.With the transformation of“human-dependence”to“substance-dependence”,reciprocal dependency gradually loses its foundation,and consultative governance tends to lose effectiveness.Therefore,in the“dependence of things”scenario,through the localization of modern public rules and traditional moral resources,reciprocal dependencies should be reshaped to promote effective rural governance.