扭矩传感器用弹性体材料微观组织与力学性能

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Elastomer Materials for Torque Sensors

采用金相显微镜、材料晶体结构分析仪(XRD)、发射扫描电镜(SEM)、背散射电子衍射技术(EBSD)和马氏体组织分析(TEM)等表征手段对某扭矩传感器弹性体材料的微观组织与晶体结构进行系统研究,利用洛氏硬度仪、万能材料试验机、摆锤式冲击试验机和高温弹性模量和内耗分析仪对弹性体材料的力学性能进行分析。结果表明:材料具有回火马氏体组织特征,内部有大量板条状马氏体,在马氏体内部和晶界处分布着大量颗粒状Cr_(23)C_(6)析出物,还有少量的残余奥氏体;材料洛氏硬度为:(81.9±0.4)HRB,(51.8±0.2)HRC,平均冲击功为(6.56±1.15)J,拉伸屈服强度为1170 MPa,抗拉强度为1800 MPa,伸长率为9.8%~14.4%,平均弹性模量温度系数为-4.05×10^(-4)℃。

Metalloscope,X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),electron backscatter diffraction diffraction(EBSD)and TEM were employed to characterize the microstructure and crystal structure of the elastomer material of a certain torque sensor.Also,Rockwell hardness tester,universal testing device,pendulum impact testing machine and high-temperature Young’s modulus and internal friction analyzer were used for the mechanical properties study of the elastomer material.The results indicate that the material has tempered martensite structure that consisting an abundant lath martensite,granular Cr_(23)C_(6) precipitates within the martensite and at the grain boundary and the tiny retained austenite.The Rockwell hardness of the material is(81.9±0.4)HRB and(51.8±0.2)HRC.The average impact energy of the material is(6.56±1.15)J.The tensile deformation properties are with yield strength of 1170 MPa,the ultimate strength of 1800 MPa and the elongation of 9.8%~14.4%.The mean Young’s modulus temperature coefficient is shown to be−4.05×10^(-4)℃.