海上风机平台冰载荷间接监测方法与仿真验证

Indirect Monitoring and Simulation Validation of Ice Loads on Offshore Wind Turbine Platforms

海洋平台中冰载荷监测的载荷识别算法是对冰区平台安全生产评估的重要部分,随着海上风电系统的快速发展,尤其是近年来我国渤海地区建立了大量的海上风电平台,海冰载荷已经成为影响生产安全的重要因素。由于冰载荷的直接测量难度大,现有传感器难以满足冰载荷监测要求,甚至有些冰载荷无法直接测量,因此可采用间接监测方法对结构冰载荷展开监测,即通过数值方法标定载荷与响应的映射关系,将这种映射关系表示为传递矩阵,通过矩阵求逆的方式确定结构冰载荷。基于离散元方法建立海冰数值模型算例,验证了基于广义力法的间接监测算法在冰区风电平台冰载荷识别方面的可靠性及合理性。

The load identification algorithm in the ice load monitoring in the marine platform is an important part of the safe production assessment of the platform in the ice area.With the rapid development of the offshore wind power system,especially in recent years,a large number of offshore wind power platforms are established in the Bohai Sea area of China,and the sea ice load has become an important factor affecting the production safety.However,the direct measurement of ice load is difficult,the requirements for sensors are extremely high,and even some loads cannot be measured,thus making it difficult to apply in engineering.Therefore,the ice load monitoring area can be divided into several cell elements and the ice load in each cell is assumed to be uniformly distributed.Then a complete mapping between the ice load and the structural response is established by numerical simulation and the mapping is expressed as a linear system of equations,which is inverted to determine the overall structural load.The reliability and rationality of the indirect monitoring algorithm based on the distinct element method for ice load identification of wind turbine platforms in ice areas is verified by establishing a numerical model of sea ice based on the discrete element method.