船舶卫生间通风系统数值仿真

Numerical Simulation of Ventilation System in Ship Toilet

针对带有便池和尿池的复杂卫生间类型(基于典型舰船卫生间进行设计),采用计算流体力学(CFD)数值模拟方法对关键设计参数的影响进行分析,具体评价指标包括空气污染浓度和人员吹风不满意百分比。研究结果表明:排风口越高,排风口距离污染源的距离越长且污染物去除性能较差,应尽可能地将排风口安装在靠近马桶/尿池的位置;在排风量一定的条件下排风口面积的影响可忽略;马桶/尿池附近的排风口对于马桶和尿池产生的污染物有很好的去除效力。研究结果可为卫生间的机械通风设计提供重要的参考和依据,可同时保证卫生间内部的污染浓度水平和人员吹风舒适程度。

For the complex toilet type with urinal and urinal(designed based on typical ship toilet),computational fluid dynamics(CFD)numerical simulation method is used to analyze the impact of key design parameters.The specific evaluation indicators include air pollution concentration and the percentage of dissatisfaction with personnel blowing.The results show that the higher the exhaust outlet is,the longer the distance from the exhaust outlet to the pollution source is,and the pollutant removal performance is poor.The exhaust outlet should be installed closing to the closes-tool/urinal as much as possible.Under the condition of certain exhaust air volume,the influence of exhaust outlet area can be ignored.The air outlet near the closes-tool/urinal has a good removal effect on the pollutants generated by the toilet and urinal.The results of the study can provide important design reference and basis for the mechanical ventilation design of the toilet,so as to ensure the pollution concentration level in the toilet and the comfort of personnel.