水下微结构功能表面设计及减阻特性

Underwater Micro-structure Functional Surface Design and Drag Reduction Characteristics

针对物体表面存在微结构时可减小阻力,降低能源消耗的特点,设计M形和V形2种微结构,采用SST k-ω湍流模型分析微结构的减阻机理及影响微结构减阻的因素。将V形微结构应用到水下航行器模型中,探讨湍流状态下外流域的减阻率和流场变化。结果表明:微结构能减缓湍流猝发过程,降低湍流猝发强度,改善边界层的流态;当微结构的夹角为60°、高度小于0.04mm时具有较好的减阻作用;V形微结构在水下航行器模型中的减阻率达到1.77%,减阻率随布置面积的增大而增大。

Aiming at the features that micro-structure on object surface can reduce the drag and the energy consumption,the M-type and V-type microstructures are designed.The SST k-ωturbulence model is adopted to analyze the drag reduction mechanism of the microstructure and the factors influencing its drag-reduction.The V-type microstructures are applied to underwater vehicle models to explore the drag reduction rate and the surrounding flow field changes in turbulent state.The results show that the microstructures can slow down the turbulence burst process and reduce the turbulence burst intensity,improving the flow pattern at the boundary layer.When the angle of microstructure is 60°and the height is less than 0.04 mm,it has better drag reduction.The V-type microstructure has a drag reduction rate of 1.77%in the underwater vehicle model and its drag reduction rate increases as the layout area increases.