政治整合视野下发展中国家应对新冠疫情措施的国家建构分析:以约旦为例

A Nation-Building Analysis of Jordan’s Response to COVID-19 with the Aim of Political Integration

新冠疫情引发全球经济环境广泛的收缩和衰退,各国政府面临治理能力的重大考验。为诠释发展中国家应对新冠疫情威胁所做出的决策选择及其背后促进国家建构的政治整合逻辑,本文选取目前较为有效地控制了疫情蔓延的中东地区典型发展中国家约旦为个案。通过回溯和梳理约旦四个多月间为抗击疫情做出的政策决定,以政治发展的视野来看,本文认为约旦政府的具体决策不仅仅是为了"膝跳式"短期抑制公共卫生安全威胁,更是综合考量维护现有政治制度、反映国家政治文化、应和外部预期和兼顾国内族群权力关系等功能,从而实现国家建构所需要的政治整合的集中体现。

To explain the logic of political integration behind the development of the decision-making choices made by developing countries in response to the threat of the COVID-19 pandemic,this paper selects Jordan,a typical developing country in MENA that has effectively controlled the spread of the epidemic,as a case.From the perspective of political development,in retrospect,the policy decisions made by Jordan government over the past four months to fight COVID-19,this article argues that those specific decisions are not only for“knee-hopping”to respond to short-term suppression of public health security threats,but a comprehensive reflection of the functions that maintaining the existing political system,conveying national political culture,responding to external expectations,and taking into account power and right relations between domestic ethnic groups,so as to achieve political integration required by solid nation-building.