比较政治传播研究中的现代性基点与回应

The Modernity Basis and Response in the Study of Comparative Political Communication

比较政治传播研究是将比较方法应用于政治传播研究而形成的一个新兴研究领域。本文以现代性为内在线索,对比较政治传播研究的问题缘起、理论关切和路径探索进行梳理。政治传播从整体上呈现出全球趋同的趋势,对于这一现象主要有两种具有代表性的理论解释:一是美国化的解释,二是现代化的解释。在逆全球化的转向之下,政治传播领域的比较研究强调通过情境因素推进研究:一方面强调政治传播的情境特殊性;另一方面在情境基础之上,致力于探索多样态的模式普遍性。当前比较政治传播研究出现两类具有开创意义的理论路径:文化路径与制度路径。前者将政治文化中与传播相关的部分视为政治传播规定机制的来源,后者致力于探讨制度类型与政治传播特定技术能力之间的关联。本文希望通过以上梳理,探讨在中国进行比较政治传播研究的可能性与起点。

Comparative political communication research is an emerging research field formed by comparative methods applied to political communication research.This article uses modernity as an internal clue to sort out the origin,theoretical concerns and exploring approaches of comparative political communication research.As a whole,political communication shows a trend of global convergence.There are two kinds of representative theoretical explanations for this phenomenon:one is Americanization,and the other is modernization.Under the reverse of globalization,comparative research in the field of political communication emphasizes to advance the research through contextual factors:on the one hand,it emphasizes the particularity of the context of political communication,and on the other hand,on the basis of context,it is dedicated to exploring the universality of diverse modes.There are two types of groundbreaking theoretical approaches in current comparative political communication research:cultural approach and institutional approach.The former regards the communication-related part of the political culture as the source of the political communication regulation mechanism;the latter is dedicated to exploring the relationship between the type of system and the specific technical capabilities of political communication.This article hopes to explore the possibility and starting point of comparative political communication research in China through the above discussion.