比较政治学研究中的军政关系:趋势、议题与未来议程

Civil-military Relations in Comparative Politics:Trends,Issues and Future Agenda

比较政治学对于军政关系研究缘起于20世纪初。二战后,由于美国等西方国家的实际需求,这类研究迅速转向经验与实证。纵观现有文献,比较政治学中的军政关系研究主要涉及发展中国家军人政权的研究、军事政变的发生机理、"第三波"民主化浪潮中的军政关系、社会主义国家的军政关系以及西方国家的军政关系等议题。未来比较政治学对于军政关系的研究应当着重于三个方面:一是构建超越传统二分法的军政关系类型学,二是重新审视西方国家的军政关系,三是军队在发展中国家的新角色。

In comparative politics,the relationship between civilian and military components has received attentions since early 1900 s.After World WarⅡ,due to the United States and other Western countries’needs to know more about the developing area,the research on civil-military relations becomes more empirical.By examining existing literature,we found this area covers the issues such like military regimes in developing countries,the cause of military coup,civil-military relations in the"Third Wave",civil-military relations in communist regimes and civil-military relations in Western countries.This area also covers the exploration of China’s civil-military relations.In terms of the future agenda,three issues remains to be inquired.First is the new typology beyond dichotomy;second is revision of civil-military relations in Western countries;third is the new role of army in developing area.