中国台湾彰化孔庙释奠乐的建构与递嬗

The Construction and Transition of Shi-Dian Ritual Music at the Confucius Temple in Zhanghua, Taiwan,China

彰化孔庙建于清代雍正4年(1726年),其释奠乐仪节的使用至少在嘉庆16年(1811年)已初具规模,其时广招佾生教以歌舞仪节。到光绪21年(1895年)中国台湾进入日本殖民统治时期,此时释奠乐所使用的乐生多由北管音乐团体“梨春园”所担任,演奏采用传统释奠乐谱,所用乐器多为北管音乐的传统乐器与部分祭孔乐器,此传统沿袭了一百余年。文章以文献史料与田野调查的研究方法,来探析中国台湾彰化孔庙释奠乐的“双雅传统”。

The Confucius Temple in Zhanghua was built in 1726,the 4th year of the Yongzheng era of the Qing dynasty.And the Shi-Dian ritual music of it had already taken shape at least in 1811,at meanwhile You-Sheng Artists were widely recruited and taught the rituals of song and dance.By1895,the 21st year of the Guangxu era,when Taiwan was colonized by Japan,the Yue-Sheng Artists in the Shi-Dian music ritual were mostly performed by the Bei-Guan strings and bamboo-wind music group“Li-Chun-Yuan”,which used the traditional Shi-Dian music score.The music instruments are mostly traditional instruments of Bei-Guan music group and some of Confucius memorial ceremony,and this tradition was continued for more than 100 years.Based on the research method of documentary history and field survey,the article explores the“double elegant music tradition”of the Shi-Dian music of the Confucius Temple in Zhanghua,Taiwan,China.