冷喷涂技术的研究进展与应用

Research Developments and Applications of Cold Spray Technology

近年来,冷喷涂技术是一门备受关注的新兴技术,冷喷涂过程中超音速金属粒子以固态形式碰撞基体后产生剧烈的塑性变形从而形成沉积。由于冷喷涂的沉积可以实现连续堆积而逐层增厚,从而使该技术从一种涂层加工技术发展成为一种快速的增材制造技术。经历了30多年的迅猛发展,冷喷涂技术的研究方向正在从基础理论研究转变到应用开发,其中一些应用已经实现工业化量产。文中介绍了冷喷涂的技术及工程化应用特点,展示了典型冷喷涂涂层性能等基础研究以及冷喷涂涂层应用等开发方面的工作,并且重点介绍了冷喷涂技术在航空航天、能源动力、电子电力、增材制造等领域的应用研究方面所取得的一些新进展。

In recent years,cold spray is an emerging technology that has attracted much attention,cold spray has attracted much attention,in cold spray process,supersonic metal particles impact with the substrate in solid form,thus producing a strong bonding with the substrate via severe plastic deformation and subsequently forming a deposit.Thick deposits can be achieved by cold spray process via a layer-by-layer mechanism.Therefore,cold spray has been developed from a coating technology to an additive manufacturing technology.After a rapid development of more than 30 years,research focus of cold spray technology is gradually shifting from fundamental and theoretical studies to application developments,some of which have been industrialized and mass-produced.In this paper,the characteristics of cold spray technology and engineering application are introduced,the fundamental researches on coating properties of typical cold spray and the development of cold spray coating application etc.are demonstrated.Besides,the recent developments of cold spray applications in different fields including aerospace,energy,electronics and additive manufacturing are emphatically introduced.