仿生织构类型及其对表面摩擦性能影响

Bionic Texture Types and Their Influence on Surface Friction Properties

随着经济的发展,机械加工零件表面的减阻耐磨及抗黏等性能变得尤为重要,为了提高生产加工过程的高效性和节能性,针对零件的表面问题引入仿生织构的概念。仿生织构是仿照生物体表特殊的纹理在摩擦副表面加工出能够实现减摩降阻润滑效果的微/纳结构。介绍了多种具非光滑结构表面生物,综述了几种典型仿生织构类型,阐明了每种织构类型的摩擦磨损机理;从织构类型、结构设计和加工方法、压强分布、摩擦因数和机理分析、应用与展望等方面进行评述,对应用最为广泛的凹坑型和沟槽型织构结合实例分析其摩擦磨损性能并附以数据论证,通过摩擦因数和磨损机理判断织构的减摩降阻效果,从而进一步实现参数优化。分析表明:仿生织构对改善摩擦性能具有重要影响,其中摩擦因数是判断摩擦性能的重要因素,加以磨损机理的深入研究,使得减阻耐磨效果较优的织构类型可大幅提高工业效率,结合工业、航天、汽车等行业中对仿生织构的应用,展望未来仿生织构的广泛研究及在摩擦过程中性能的优化,实现织构化普及应用。

With the development of economy,the anti-friction,wear-resisting and anti-adhesion properties on the surface of machining parts become particularly important.In order to improve the efficiency and energy saving of the production and processing process,the concept of bionic texture is introduced for the surface problems of parts.Biomimetic texture is a micro/nano structure which can be processed on the surface of friction pair after the special texture of biological body surface.This paper introduces a variety of surface organisms with non-smooth structure,summarizes several typical biomimetic texture types,and elucidates the friction and wear mechanism of each texture type.From the texture type,structural design and machining method,the pressure distribution,the coefficient of friction and mechanism analysis,application and prospect are reviewed,the most widely used type pits and grooves texture combined with examples to analyze its friction and wear performance and provide data by the coefficient of friction and wear mechanism of the assessment of the effect of friction reduction texture,thus further realize parameters optimization.Analysis shows that the bionic texture has important influence on the performance of improved friction,the coefficient of friction is an important factor to determine the friction performance,to the further research of wear mechanism,makes the effect of drag reduction wear-resisting optimal texture types can dramatically improve the efficiency of industry,combining industry,aerospace,automobile and other industries in the application of bionic texture,looking to the future bionic texture of extensive research and in the process of friction performance optimization,realizing the texture to popularize and apply.